Spain has one of the most extensive high-speed rail networks in the world. The AVE (Alta Velocidad Española) connects Madrid to Barcelona, Seville, Valencia, Málaga, and a growing number of other cities at speeds of up to 300km/h. Journey times that would take four or five hours by road can be covered in under two hours by train.
Booking Tickets
RENFE tickets can be booked online at renfe.com or through the RENFE app. The earlier you book, the cheaper the tickets — promotional fares are released several months in advance and can be significantly cheaper than walk-up prices. The cheapest tickets are non-refundable and non-changeable; more expensive tickets offer flexibility.
The Tarjeta Dorada (for over-60s) and the various youth discount cards offer substantial savings if you are eligible. The España Pass, aimed at international visitors, offers a fixed number of journeys at a flat rate and can be good value for those planning to travel extensively.
Regional and Local Trains
Beyond the high-speed network, RENFE operates a comprehensive regional (Media Distancia) and commuter (Cercanías) network. These are slower and cheaper, and they reach many destinations that the AVE does not. The Cercanías networks in Madrid and Barcelona are essential for getting around the metropolitan areas.
Practical Notes
Arrive at the station at least 20 minutes before departure — Spanish high-speed trains require security screening similar to an airport. Seats are assigned, so there is no need to rush for a good position. The on-board catering is reasonable for a train journey. Most intercity trains have a café car.